Priming Protocols

projects
Author

Megan Ewing

Published

June 7, 2026

Setup

color coding key (zip ties):

  • pink = hot water

  • blue = cold water

  • yellow = poly(i:c)

Warm temp priming

4 aquarium tanks setup with 2 buckets each (2 replicates for each species / treatment).

  • Aquaria filled to ~4 cm deep with FW (marked with line on tank)
  • 1240 mL of water per white bucket (30 ppt seawater). Don’t put silos in yet (even empty silos) as it can affect bucket water heating
  • Heating bar and temp gauge in each – heating bar in broader aquarium setup and temp gauge in the bucket.
  • Set temp on heater manager as desired, wait approx ~1 hr for water to heat, check temp and confirm bucket water temp with gun or glass thermometer.
  • Want Rphil tank buckets to be at ~34, want cockle buckets at ~26.
    • Initial trials and literature showed that Manila seed can tolerate ~38C before moralities occur and ~30C before moralities for the small cockle seed (2mm). As such, both priming temps are 4C below minimum mortality temp.
  • For poly(i:c) groups: add 930 uL of Poly(I:C) solution (1mg/ml concentration) to each marked poly treatment bucket just prior (~10 min) to pacing the silos in their treatment buckets.
  • Once at temp, can place silos in their respective treatment buckets.
    • in treatment buckets for 2.5h – check temp one random silo (since all buckets are in same cold room / ie. exposed to exact same temp conditons) every 30 min w gun to confirm and record temp.

Cold temp priming

8 buckets setup on counter in tank room (no aquarium water bath needed)

  • 1240 mL of water per white bucket (30 ppt seawater). Don’t put silos in yet

  • For poly(i:c) groups: add 930 uL of Poly(I:C) solution (1mg/ml concentration) to each marked poly treatment bucket just prior (~10 min) to pacing the silos in their treatment buckets.

  • Check and record temp prior to placing silos

  • Once at temp and warm temp experiment has started, can place silos in their respective treatment buckets.

    • in treatment buckets for 2.5h – check temp every 30 min w gun to confirm and record silo temp

Recovery and Poly(i:c) post bath

  • at the end of the priming duration, transfer silos to the yellow tanks (~10C) for 1 hr.
  • put poly(i:c) individuals in one of the yellow tanks post priming for ~30 minutes to allow them to flush the solution out, and then do a water change on that tank, and all other individuals in the other tank
    • WQ is checked the morning of the experiment for both tanks to ensure recovery conditions are consistent across tanks
  • After recovery, put manilas and cockles in their normal tanks as per usual. closely observe over the next 48 hrs

^ June/July experimental logistics timeline

Code names:

MC - Manila clam

BC - basket cockles

letter = replicate group / aquarium

# = treatment silo within replicate group

Silo Counts:

MC-A1: 700

MC-A2: 700

MC-B1: 700

MC-B2: 700

MC-C1: 700

MC-C2: 700

MC-D1: 700

MC-D1: 700

BC-A1: 203

BC-A2: 297

BC-B1: 300

BC-B2: 298

BC-C1: 315

BC-C2: 315

BC-D1: 315

BC-D2: 315

Prime 1 - 6/15/26

Tank setup:

MC-A MC-B BC-C BC-D
Warm Rep 2 Rep 1 (P) Rep 2 Rep 1 (P)
Rep 1 (P) Rep 2 Rep 1 (P) Rep 2
MC-C MC-D BC-A BC-B
Cold Rep 1 Rep 1 Rep 1 Rep 1
Rep 2 (P) Rep 2 (P) Rep 2 (P) Rep 2 (P)

Temp readings:

T0 Initial T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 (Final)
Time (PST) 12:38 13:06 13:37 14:09 14:40 14:06 Average
MC-A1 30.9 33.7 33.1 33.1 32.5 33.1 32.7
MC-A2 30.2 32.8 32.6 32.3 32.2 32.7 32.1
MC-B1 31.6 33.1 32.5 32.6 32.4 33.0 32.5
MC-B2 32.0 33.5 32.6 33.0 32.4 33.0 32.8
BC-C1 26.9 28.1 27.8 27.6 27.6 27.2 27.5
BC-C2 27.5 27.8 27.5 27.6 27.5 27.3 27.5
BC-D1 27.2 28.1 27.8 27.6 27.5 27.7 27.7
BC-D2 27.5 28.2 27.8 27.7 27.5 27.6 27.7
*note: cold temp was not recorded at same intervals for this week. 1 temp was recorded at T3 (halfway) 10.5

Prime 2 - 6/20/26

tank setup:

MC-A MC-B BC-C BC-D
Warm Rep 1 (P) Rep 2 Rep 1 (P) Rep 2
Rep 2 Rep 1 (P) Rep 2 Rep 1 (P)
MC-C MC-D BC-A BC-B
Cold Rep 2 (P) Rep 2 (P) Rep 2 (P) Rep 2 (P)
Rep 1 Rep 1 Rep 1 Rep 1

temp readings:

T0 Initial T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 (Final)
Time (PST) 10:46 11:17 11:47 12:17 12:47 13:15 Average
MC-A1 31.3 32.1 32.0 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.0
MC-A2 31.4 34.0 33.7 33.2 33.5 33.1 33.2
MC-B1 32.0 33.8 34.2 32.8 34.4 33.5 33.5
MC-B2 32.0 33.9 33.7 32.5 33.9 33.3 33.2
BC-C1 26.0 25.4 25.2 24.2 24.8 23.1 24.8
BC-C2 26.5 25.8 25.4 24.5 24.1 23.7 25.0
BC-D1 27.1 26.9 26.0 25.2 24.1 23.6 25.5
BC-D2 27.1 26.6 25.7 25.1 23.8 23.6 25.3
COLD 10 10 9.9 10 9.4 9.8 9.85